Rimonabant Oral Anabolic Steroids Anorectic Antiobesity Drug CAS 168273-06-1

Rimonabant Oral Anabolic Steroids Anorectic Antiobesity Drug CAS 168273-06-1

CAS number168273-06-1

WeightAverage: 463.787
Monoisotopic: 462.078094435

Chemical Formula :C₂₂H₂₁Cl₃N₄O

Rimonabant (also known as SR141716; trade names Acomplia, Zimulti) is an anorectic antiobesity drug that has been withdrawn from the market due to potentially serious side effects. It was approved for use in Europe and other countries, but never approved in the United States. Rimonabant is an inverse agonist for the cannabinoid receptor CB1. It has also been shown to be a μ-opioid receptor antagonist(possibly the contributing factor in its reported dysphoric qualities). Its main effect is reduction in appetite.

Uses/potential uses

Obesity

In a 2006 (2 year) study reported in JAMA, "Compared with the placebo group, the 20 mg of rimonabant group produced greater mean (SEM) reductions in weight (-6.3 [0.2] kg vs -1.6 [0.2] kg; P<.001), waist circumference (-6.1 [0.2] cm vs -2.5 [0.3] cm; P<.001), and level of triglycerides (percentage change, -5.3 [1.2] vs 7.9 [2.0]; P<.001) and a greater increase in level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (percentage change, 12.6 [0.5] vs 5.4 [0.7]; P<.001)."

Smoking cessation

Rimonabant may also be found to be effective in assisting some smokers to quit smoking. Sanofi is currently conducting studies to determine the possible value of rimonabant in smoking-cessation therapy. The Studies with Rimonabant and Tobacco Use (STRATUS) program involves more than 6,000 subjects. STRATUS is designed to explore two smoking-related therapies: first, to use rimonabant directly to aid in smoking cessation; second, to help prevent weight gain in former smokers.

Initial results apparently suggest rimonabant is effective for both uses. However, the FDA has explicitly stated to Sanofi that, without additional studies, rimonabant cannot be approved in the United States for smoking cessation therapy. According to a Cochrane Collaboration review in 2007, rimonabant "may increase the odds of quitting approximately 11/2-fold".

Addiction behaviors

Rimonabant reduced resumption of cocaine-seeking responses triggered by two of the three most common triggers of relapse in humans: priming and cues. It may also reduce ethanol and opiate-seeking behavior.

Short-term memory

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is known to impair short-term memory. It was therefore hypothesised that rimonabant may reduce or inhibit the atrophic effects of cannabinoids. Indeed, in animal studies, it significantly improved the ability of rats to encode information into short-term memory.

Blockage of cannabis effects

Rimonabant blocks the psychoactive and some of the cardiovascular effects of Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in humans without affecting the pharmacokinetics. Rimonabant has been described colloquially as "reverse marijuana", having a depressing effect on appetite inverse to the increased appetite created by cannabinoids.

Predicted Properties

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