Domperidone / Motilium Pharmaceutical Intermediates Stomach Disorders and Antiemetic

Domperidone / Motilium Pharmaceutical Intermediates Stomach Disorders and Antiemetic

Domperidone (INN, USAN, BAN, JAN) (brand name Motilium, many others) is a peripherally selectivedopamine D₂ receptor antagonist developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica that is used as an antiemetic,gastroprokinetic agent, and galactogogue. 

It may be administered orally or rectally, and is available in the form of tablets, orally disintegrating tablets (based on Zydis technology),suspension, and suppositories.The drug is used to relieve nausea and vomiting; to increase the transit of food through the stomach (by increasing gastrointestinal peristalsis); and to promote lactation(breast milk production) by release of prolactin.

Mechanism of action

Domperidone acts as a gastrointestinal emptying (delayed) adjunct and peristaltic stimulant. The gastroprokinetic properties of domperidone are related to its peripheral dopamine receptor blocking properties. Domperidone facilitates gastric emptying and decreases small bowel transit time by increasing esophageal and gastric peristalsis and by lowering esophageal sphincter pressure. Antiemetic:

The antiemetic properties of domperidone are related to its dopamine receptor blocking activity at both the chemoreceptor trigger zone and at the gastric level. It has strong affinities for the D2 and D3 dopamine receptors, which are found in the chemoreceptor trigger zone, located just outside the blood brain barrier, which - among others - regulates nausea and vomiting

Uses

This medication increases movement through the digestive system. It is used to treat symptoms of stomach disorders. It may also be used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by certain medications. Due to safety concerns, this medication is not to be used by breast-feeding women to increase production of breast milk.

How to use

Take this medication by mouth as prescribed usually 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime. Do not increase your dose or take this more often than directed. Your condition will not improve any faster but the risk of side effects will be increased.

Side effects

Headache, dizziness, dry mouth, nervousness, flushing, or irritability may occur the first several days as your body adjusts to the medication. Trouble sleeping, stomach cramps, hot flashes and leg crampshave also been reported.

If any of these effects continue or become bothersome, inform your doctor. Notify your doctor immediately if you develop: chest pain, slow/fast/irregular heartbeat, swelling of the feet or ankles, difficulty urinating, swelling of the breasts or discharge from the nipple in men or women, menstrual changes, sexual difficulties. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

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