Budesonide for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Budesonide Steroid Medication for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Budesonide (BUD), sold under the brand name Pulmicort among others, is a steroid medication. It is available as an inhaler, pill, nasal spray, and rectal forms.The inhaled form is used in the long term management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

The nasal spray is used for allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps. The pills in a delayed release form and rectal forms may be used for inflammatory bowel disease including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and microscopic colitis.

Medical uses

Asthma

Budesonide is nebulized for maintenance and prophylactic treatment of asthma including patients who require oral corticosteroids and those who may benefit from a systemic dose reduction.

Inflammatory bowel disease

Formulations of delayed-release Budesonide can be effective treatment for mild-to-moderately active Crohn's disease involving the ileum and/or ascending colon.A Cochrane review found evidence for up to 3 months (but not longer) of maintenance of remission Crohn's disease.

Budesonide assists in the induction of remission in people with active ulcerative colitis.

Allergic rhinitis

Nasal spray budesonide is a treatment for allergic rhinitis.

Side-effects

Budesonide may cause:

• Nose irritation or burning
• Bleeding or sores in the nose
• Lightheadedness
• Upset stomach
• Cough
• Hoarseness
• Dry mouth
• Rash
• Sore throat
• Bad taste in mouth
• Change in mucus

Contraindications

Budesonide is contraindicated as a primary treatment of status asthmaticus or other acute episode of asthma where intensive measures are required. It is also contraindicated for patients who have hypersensitivity to budesonide.

Mechanism of action

• Controls the rate of protein synthesis.
• Depresses the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and fibroblasts.
• Reverses capillary permeability and lysosomal stabilization at the cellular level to prevent or control inflammation.
• Has a potent glucocorticoid activity and weak mineralocorticoid activity.

Dietary considerations

Those taking tablets or capsules orally should avoid grapefruit juice and echinacea.

• Grapefruit juice may double bioavailability of oral budesonide.
• Echinacea diminishes bioavailability.

Also, high fat meals delay absorption but do not impede absorption.

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